Psychological laws of one: Rosenthal Effect
Rosenthal, well-known American psychologist who has done such a test:
He put a group of mice were randomly divided into two groups: A group and B group, and tell A group of breeder said that the group of rats are very clever; the same time, told the B group of breeder said he was in this group of mice Intelligence General. A few months later, professors, two groups of mice through the maze of tests, found that A group of mice actually really smart mice than in group B, they can first out of the labyrinth and find food.
Professor Rosenthal has been so inspired, he thought such an effect can also occur in people's people? He came to a general secondary schools, in a class trip away casually, and then circle the students list a few names, tell their teacher that these students a high IQ, very clever. After a period of time, a professor went to this school, a miracle occurred, and those few chosen by his students now really become a class leader.
Why is there such a phenomenon? It is "implicit" this magic magic at work.
Everyone in life will accept this or that kind of psychological suggestion, which implies either a positive, some negative. Mother was a child favorite, most trusted and most dependent on people, but also exert psychological hint people. If it is negative and long-term adverse psychological suggestion, it will make the child's emotions are affected, or even seriously affect their mental health. On the contrary, if the mothers have high hopes for their children, positive, through the looking eyes, praise the smile, the language of incentives to nourish the child's heart, to make the child more self-esteem, self-esteem, self-confidence, self-improvement, then how high your expectations, kids achievements in the future there will be much!
Psychological laws II: transfinite effect
Well-known American writer Mark Twain once pastor at the church to listen to lectures. Initially, he felt that pastor put it very well, people moved in preparation for donations. After a 10-minute, priests have not yet finished, he was a bit impatient and decided to just donate some small change. After another 10 minutes, priests have not yet finished, so he decided not to donate one cent. Wait until the pastor finally ended a lengthy speech began fund-raising, the Mark Twain as angry, not only did not donate money, but also stealing from the plate by 2 dollars.
This stimulated too much, too strong and the role of time for a very impatient, or resistance caused by psychological psychological phenomenon known as "overrun effect."
Transfinite effect of education often occurs in the family. For example, when the children make mistakes, parents will be once, twice, three, even four times, five times repeated right thing to do the same criticisms, so that children from guilt anxiety to the impatient and even disgusted with hate. Was "desperate", and will appear "I am chosen to such a" psychological and behavioral resistance.
Can be seen that the child's mother can not exceed the limits of criticism to deal with child "committed a mistake, only to criticize one." If I have another criticism, it should not simply repeat, it is necessary from another angle, another way of saying. In this way, the child will not feel the same mistakes being "grabbed and hold", tired of psychology Reverse psychology should diminish considerably.
Psychological laws III: Desiree effect
Desi psychologist, had talked about such a fable:
A group of children frolicked in front of an elderly, calls groaning. Over the past few days, the elderly unbearable. So he gave up 10 cents for each child, said to them: "You have to become very busy here, I feel a lot younger, which expressed gratitude money." Children are very happy the next day is still to , and continue to frolic. Old people come out and gave each child 5 cents. 5 cents is still sound bar, children are still happily away. The third day, the elderly only to two cents for each child, the children with rage, "only two cents a day, they know how tough we are!" They swore to the elderly, who never played for him !
In this fable, the old man is simple, he will be the children's internal motivation "for their own pleasure and play" into the external motivation "to get cents and play", and he manipulated the cents that external factors, so also manipulated the children's behavior.
Desi effect it would have appeared in life. For example, parents often will have a child, said: "If you get 100 points in this test, you have 100 on the award of money," "If you can test into the top 5 on the award you a toy" and so on. Parents may not have thought that it is this improper incentive mechanisms, have the child's interest in learning a little bit reduced the.
In learning, parents should guide their children and foster lofty ideals, promote the child's feelings and interest in learning to increase the child's own motivation for learning to help kids learn the fun of harvest. Parents reward can be helpful in learning some things, such as books, learning equipment, and some unrelated to reward and learning, it is best not to.
Psychological laws 4: southerly effect
South wind "effect, also known as" warm "effect, derived from the French writer La Fontaine wrote in a parable:
Northerly and southerly than the power of pedestrians to see who can take off their coats. First, a cold north wind to stern, cold and biting, the results of pedestrians in order to resist the invasion of the north wind, he gave the coat wrapped tightly. South wind is blowing slowly, suddenly bright and sunny, a pedestrian feel of spring, the upper body before the unlock button, and then took off his coat, southerly win.
The story of Nam Fung has been able to achieve our objective, because it conforms to the intrinsic needs of people. This result inspired self-reflection, self-needs to meet the emotional impact of response is "southerly effect."
From this we can know, family education, the use of "sticks", "intimidation" of the category "north wind" type of education method is not desirable. The implementation of warmth education, more "human touch" type of praise to develop children consciously up in order to achieve a multiplier effect.
Psychological laws 5: Barrel Effect
, "Bucket" effect mean is: a missing along the mouth of the barrel, how much it is filled with water, does not lie in the longest piece of wood on the barrel, but rather the shortest piece of wood on the barrel.
A child to learn discipline is like a big barrel consolidated results for each discipline are up this big wooden performance indispensable piece of wood. The stability of the formation of good grades a child can not rely on certain subjects outstanding achievements, but should depend on its overall situation, in particular, depends on some of its weaknesses. Thus, when the child was found deficient in certain subjects, it should be a timely reminder kids, let one more in this discipline to spend some time to achieve "from each other."
Psychological laws 6: Hawthorne effect
Hawthorne plant outside Chicago, is a factory manufacturing telephone switches, there is a better entertainment facilities, health care system and pension system, but the workers are still angry, the production conditions far from ideal. Later, the psychologists conducted a test of its special, that is two-year period, the expert workers and individual talks to find two thousand passengers, the provisions of the conversation process, we must patiently listening to workers on the factory range of views and dissatisfaction.
This conversation has received an unexpected test results: Hawthorne factory output increased significantly.
Children's learning and growth process will inevitably be confused or dissatisfied, but can not be fully expressed. As mothers, we should try to squeeze time to talk with their children, and talk about the process, we must patiently guide the children to express themselves to say, his own life, study in confusion, his own parents, schools, teachers, students, etc. dissatisfaction.
Children, "said," too, after, there will be a vent-type of satisfaction they will feel relaxed and comfortable. So, they will be more efforts in learning, life would be even more self-confident!
Psychological laws 7: Effect of change in
Interpersonal communication in the "neutral effect" means: Any person who would like to be able to love each other for their "growing" rather than "shrinking." For example, many sales staff to seize the people of this mentality that when the goods to the customer is always first grasp a small stacked on said tray and then inserted a little way, rather than grasping a lot of first place, said tray and then a little way out.
Our evaluation of the child when his inevitable shortcomings and advantages to be complaining about it, and often used "first praise after the devaluation" approach. In fact, this is a very good evaluation method. In evaluating a child, we may use "neutral effect", such as the first with the dignity of the child a small number of non-injury problems, and then rightly praised the ... ...
Psychological laws of Eight: The Butterfly Effect
According to the research, the southern hemisphere a butterfly flapping its wings occasionally brought up in a weak flow, due to a variety of other factors, blending, weeks later, would be swept into the United States, Texas, a tornado! Disorders of Jurists to the phenomenon known as the "butterfly effect", and made a theoretical statement: a very small cause, after a certain period of time and other factors involved in the role, can develop into an extremely large and complex influence.
"The Butterfly Effect" tells us that educating the children is no small matter. Word expressions, one handling the issue, the correct and proper, and may affect a child's life; wrong and arbitrary, may be adversely affected by a child's life.
Psychological laws 9: Effects of labeling
During World War II, the United States because of shortage of troops, but they do need a group of soldiers of war. As a result, the United States ** decided to organize the prisoners in jail fighting on the front lines. To this end, the United States ** Special a few pre-war prisoners psychology experts to the training and mobilization, and with the fight with them to the front lines.
Psychology experts during the training period they are not too much to preach, but with particular emphasis on committing people to a week to their most pro-people write a letter. Contents of the letter from the psychologist a unified formulation, described the performance of the inmate in prison is how good, how the rehabilitation of such. The experts called for the prisoners, after careful copying sent to their beloved people. Three months later, the prisoners march to the front, the experts should be prisoners to write letters to their loved ones how to obey his command, and how brave and so on. A result, this group of prisoners on the battlefield to the performance of no less than the regular army, they are in combat, as they stated in a letter to obey the command, so bravery and hard work. Later, psychologists put the phenomenon known as the "label effect", also known as implied psychological effects.
This mental law of education in the family has an extremely important role. For example, if we are always facing the children shouted, "The Fool", "pig", "how stupid", "Even such a simple subject will not do" such a long time, the child may be it will really become a what we call "stupid."
Therefore, the mother must be eradicated laugh shame, blame the complaints, threats of intimidation and other languages, multi-language with the incentive of a child more than the label affixed positive.
Psychological laws 10: Deng threshold effects
Often in daily life such a phenomenon: When you call on others for help when you started to put forward higher requirements, it is easy being rejected; and if you first make a smaller request, others to agree to any additional requirement before the weight is more easy to achieve this goal, a phenomenon psychologists known as the "Golden threshold effect."
In family education, we also can use "landing threshold effect." For example, first proposed by a lower demand for children, when they do, as required, to be sure to recognize and even reward, and then a gradual increase in demand, so that the child be happy to actively strive for a better ending.